The Doctrine of One God: A Presbyter's Perspective

The concept of a single, unified Godhead is a cornerstone of Christian theology. A key figure in solidifying this belief was a presbyter, a disciple of the apostles, who articulated the importance of acknowledging one God as the creator of all things. His reasoning, preserved through historical writings, provides a compelling case for the singular nature of God and addresses alternative viewpoints that were prevalent during his time.

The Rejection of Alternative Creation Theories

The presbyter fervently opposed the notion that the world was created by angels, other powers, or a different deity altogether. He argued that deviating from the belief in one Creator inevitably leads to inconsistencies and contradictions.

For if a man be once moved away from the Creator of all things, and if he grant that this creation to which we belong was formed by any other or through any other [than the one God], he must of necessity fall into much inconsistency, and many contradictions of this sort; to which he will [be able to] furnish no explanations which can be regarded as either probable or true. (Source: Document: 1739749258570-eotm94-anf01.txt)

This stance directly confronts emerging heterodox teachings, especially those of Gnostic groups who proposed complex cosmologies involving multiple spiritual entities responsible for creation. The presbyter believed that such intricate systems obscured the fundamental truth of God's sole authorship of the universe.

Scriptural Foundation for One God

The presbyter grounded his argument in the established scriptures. He cited Moses' account of creation in Genesis: "God said, Let there be light: and there was light," (Source: Document: 1739749258570-eotm94-anf01.txt) emphasizing God's direct involvement in bringing the world into existence through His Word. He also referenced the Gospel of John: "All things were made by Him; and without Him was nothing made," (Source: Document: 1739749258570-eotm94-anf01.txt) further solidifying the role of the Word (understood as Christ) in creation. The Apostle Paul's affirmation of "one Lord, one faith, one baptism, one God and Father, who is above all, and through all, and in us all" (Source: Document: 1739749258570-eotm94-anf01.txt) was also cited as evidence of the unified divine nature.

The Importance of Apostolic Doctrine

The presbyter emphasized the necessity of engaging with scripture within the context of the apostolic doctrine. He suggested that a consistent understanding of God could only be achieved by diligently studying the scriptures alongside those who held the apostolic tradition.

And then shall every word also seem consistent to him, if he for his part diligently read the Scriptures in company with those who are presbyters in the Church, among whom is the apostolic doctrine, as I have pointed out. (Source: Document: 1739749258570-eotm94-anf01.txt)

This highlights the importance of both individual study and communal learning within the Church to safeguard against heretical interpretations.

The Unity of the Two Testaments

The presbyter addressed the relationship between the Old and New Testaments, asserting that both originated from the same God. He argued that God instituted both testaments for the benefit of those who would believe in Him.

For all the apostles taught that there were indeed two testaments among the two peoples; but that it was one and the same God who appointed both for the advantage of those men (for whose sakes the testaments were given) who were to believe in God. (Source: Document: 1739749258570-eotm94-anf01.txt)

He emphasized that the Old Testament was not without purpose, but served to prepare the way for the New Testament, foreshadowing heavenly realities and prophesying future events.

Conclusion

The presbyter's perspective on the doctrine of one God provides a valuable insight into early Christian thought. By refuting alternative creation theories, grounding his arguments in scripture, emphasizing apostolic doctrine, and affirming the unity of the two testaments, he presented a comprehensive case for the singular nature of God, a belief that continues to be central to Christian faith. His emphasis on studying scripture within the community of faith serves as a reminder of the importance of sound doctrine and guidance in theological matters.